GO

When developing and optimizing MySQL databases, we often face the choice of using JSON fields or relational tables to manage data. This article will explore performance optimization methods for using JSON fields and relational tables in MySQL.

The advantages of JSON fields are compact data structure, reduced number of tables, and fewer join operations. However, parsing JSON fields incurs significant overhead, has limited index support, and may have lower query efficiency on large datasets.

The advantages of relational tables are clear relationship models, comprehensive index support, and efficient query optimization. However, it requires additional tables and join operations, which are typically efficient in relational databases.

In scenarios with millions and tens of millions of users, what are the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches in terms of efficient querying and flexibility? Here are the considerations:

Scenario: A membership system that allows members to create organizations and share them with other members. In the struct of Organization, Permissions are used to record member IDs and roles. Under the organization, the ability to add courses and units while allowing member sharing at different levels needs to be maintained.

Casbin is an authorization library that supports access control models like ACL, RBAC, ABAC for muti-language.

Before developing Casbin, it is necessary to understand the underlying basic model and how to configure a permission management model that suits your needs.

First, the casbin model are base on PERM (Policy, Request, Effect, Matchers) with following settings:

• sub (subject): The entity accessing the resource, such as a member, user, or device. It represents who is making the request.
• obj (object): The resource being requested, such as a feature, page, or folder. It represents what is being requested.
• act (action): The method or behavior of the request, such as publish, edit, view, disable, etc. It represents how the request is made.
• eft (effect): The result of the policy after defining the sub, obj, and act. It can be set as true, false, or null (indicating allow).

And further, it can be combined with roles to manage roles or multi-tenancy.

Next, we will explain the Casbin model. During the learning process, you can practice and operate in the Casbin official editor.

Viper is a complete configuration solution for Go applications. It is designed to work within an application, and can handle all types of configuration needs and formats. Also, viper has many features, such as support for different configuration formats (JSON, TOML, YAML, etc.), live watching and re-reading of config files, reading from environment variables, etc.

Here will demostract how to use viper with local config, management with struct, and envrionment variables.

Singleton Design Pattern

The Singleton pattern is a creational design pattern that ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global access point to it.

In software development, there are situations where we need to restrict the instantiation of a class to a single object. This is particularly useful when dealing with shared resources or managing global state.

The Singleton pattern is implemented by defining a class with a private constructor and a static method. The first time the static method is called, it creates a new instance of the class. In subsequent calls, it returns the existing instance.

The Singleton pattern provides the following benefits:

• Ensures that there is only one instance of a class in the application.
• Provides a global access point to that instance.
• Delays the initialization of the instance, improving performance and resource utilization.

The following are two implementations of the Singleton pattern in Go, each demonstrating how to connect to a database:

Before upgrading Go to specific version, you need to upgrade the environment. Next refer to the following sections to upgrade Go version:

Upgrade the Go version in go.mod

The go.mod file specifices the Go version used in project.

Find the current Go version on the file line of go.mod file. For example, if the version is 1.19, change to 1.22 (or whatever version you want to upgrade to). This step is curcial as it tells Go to compile your project with the specified version.

go 1.22

asdf is a versatile version manager designed to simplify the management of multiple runtime versions, such as programming languages, tools, and frameworks, within a single development environment. With asdf, users can easily install, manage, and switch between different versions of various software packages, ensuring compatibility and flexibility across projects. Whether you’re a developer, system administrator, or anyone who needs to juggle multiple versions of tools, asdf provides a seamless solution, enhancing productivity and eliminating version-related headaches.

In this article, we will create a simple golang application CI/CD process and push it to Docker hub by github action. Finally, will illustrate an example of how to use the terraform and docker-compose to deploy a local docker environment.

Here we used the gorilla module to build a websocket application, and this tutorial will focus on building up a websoccket server. About client part will implement with the chrome extension: Websocket King.

Golang: 解決 Go Websocket upgrade:websocket: request origin not allowed by Upgrader.CheckOrigin 跨域問題 錯誤訊息： upgrade:websocket: request origin not allowed by Upgrader.CheckOrigin 原因： 如內文所述，在 Go Websocket 判別跨域來源不合法 解決方式： 需要在 websocket.Upgrader 設定 CheckOrigin 來源，例如下方允許所有來源

Cobra is a golang library for creating CLI applications and is using by Kubernetes, Hugo, and Github CLI..

Here we will show how to use cobra to build a CLI app.

In golang project, we may need to call os environment variable for security purposes in OSX or Linux.

Here will showing how to set global environment and get value in our golang project.

Introduction Gin HTML template and how integration with bootstrap

Gin is going web framework which include server-side render template, we can transfer variable into a template and render by double braces {{ … }}.

In this article, We will introduce how to use gin template, finally will include how to integrate bootstrap with gin HTML template.

Gin - Middleware (中間件) 程式運作原理及用法教學

在 Web 應用及開發中，一個完整的請求會包含客戶端請求，伺服器端接收及處理，返回內容給結果。

在真實的場景中，在這些流程還會有更複雜的功能，例如：權限管理，安全驗證及日誌等部分，因此在開發過程我們常要思考，如何更好的管理這些通用的功能，以套件的方式來進行開發，就可以很方便地進行對接及配置。

GoLang - grpc enum 定義預設類型

在設計 grpc 時，如果我們產品需要分區，不同區域會有不同的產品，該如何處理？

本篇預設讀者對於 grpc 有一定的瞭解，以下將簡單舉例，先說明查單一商品，以及修改為回傳多商品，最後則是 server 與 client 端如何處理這部分的流程：

GoLang - grpc 使用 Repeated 回傳多筆數據

在設計 grpc 時，如果我們需要取得商品列表，該如何獲得？

本篇預設讀者對於 grpc 有一定的瞭解，以下將簡單舉例，先說明查單一商品，以及修改為回傳多商品，最後則是 server 與 client 端如何處理這部分的流程：

Go Module與 Go get 常用參數說明

在 Go 語言結構，可以透過 import

GoLang - catch panic 避免主系統錯誤

在這幾篇，會以 Go 語言的入門基礎進行逐步說明，本篇針對 catch panic 進行說明

GoLang - select 監聽多 channel 及設定逾時策略

在這幾篇，會以 Go 語言的入門基礎進行逐步說明，本篇針對 多Project Layou 進行說明

GoLang - 多 goroutine 透過 Channels 協同處理範例

在這幾篇，會以 Go 語言的入門基礎進行逐步說明，本篇針對 多 goroutine 透過 channel 協同處理 進行說明

GoLang - 多線程全局變數加鎖

在這幾篇，會以 Go 語言的入門基礎進行逐步說明，本篇針對 多線程全局變數加鎖 進行說明